Introduction - the basics
In this tutorial you will
learn how to model a weapon for game use, but before we
start to model the gun let's learn some basics of modeling
for game use.
So what things are important
for this kind of modeling?
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Texture. The texture gives
80% of reality to a model ,so the better the texture,
the better and more life-like our model will be. For me
high res. texture is around 1600x1200 resolution. If you
have a chance, the best way to obtain such hi-res pic
is by taking a photo of a real gun with a digital camera.
-
Before I start to model,
I "make" the whole gun in my head. Why do I do that? I
do it because when I have the finished model in my head,
it's much easier then to step into 3DS Max and make the
gun (you don’t have any problems with texturing some "tricky"
parts of the weapon).
-
Polygon count. The borderline
for the poly count is changing every year, mainly because
the new graphic cards are getting stronger and stronger.
My models have from 600 to1200 polys, but you can make
a model that has 2500 polys, but don’t go over that. Why?
Well some people think "who cares about poly count?" -
your graphic card does, believe me. The number of 2500
poly. is more than enough to make realistic model for
a game (Let's just say that in the game Hitman characters
have somewhere about 2000 polys , in Colin McRae Rally
3, cars have about 15 000 polys).
Okay now let's start with
the modeling.
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In
Max, click on front viewport and than hit alt+B.
Viewport background should be open.
Now choose files, and look for the picture of weapon
you want to model.
In the same window check
- bitmap fit
- display background
- lock zoom/pan
Close the window.
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Now
in the front view port zoom and pan until you get
the handle in the centre of your view. |
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Now go to command panel (on
your right side), select create shapes tab and choose
line.
When you do that, start draging
an outline of the handle.
Now the important thing here
is that you must finish at the same spot where you
started to draw the outline of the handle (so that
the program can close spline properly- you can also
do this manually later, but this way is safer)
See the image and you'll
know what I mean.
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When you finish with draging the outline, go
to command panel-modify and in pull down manu-Modifier
list choose Extrude.
For extrude set the amount 6,5 , segments 1.
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This
is what I have now in front and perspective view. |
| Now in next image we have almost
half the job done -now don’t be afraid, it's simple
-just look the image and you will understand everything.
All objects are made with the same tool-line/extrude,
like the handle. |

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Now
I will explain that ellipse we just made.
Go to Create-Shapes-choose Ellipse.
In Front view port start at middle of that part
of the gun.
Move the mouse until you get something close to
what's on the image. |
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Now rotate the ellipse
in "Y" axis. (don’t forget too line up the object
in left view port) |
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When you do that , extrude ellipse
and give it 2 segments .
After that go to command panel,
click on ellipse and than expand the interpolation
menu, set Steps to 2 and check "optimize".
This will cut down the poly
count significantly. |

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Now
you select the middle vertices and in front view port
move them to the left. |

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Now choose the vertices like
on the image and scale them down a little bit on
two (X & Y) axis.
See the image and you will know
what I mean. |
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Now it's time
to align the newly created ellipse. Select the
object A (the ellipse in this case), then choose
"align" tool . |
In the main tools bar,
and then click on the object B (forward hand
grip in this case). You'll now have a new
window open, in which you just need to check
the Y axe box.
After you align the ellipse
you can do the same thing with the rest of
the objects.
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Now we go to the next stage:
We'll create some more complex
objects (cylinders and tubes) which you'll find
under "create tab", geometry, standard primitives.
To keep the polycount low, go
to modify tab and adjust the height segments to
1 (default is 5) and sides to 10-12 (default is
18)
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Now
the front sight was made with Tube and than I used
Boolean tool and box to get that shape. |
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You first select
the object you want to cut (operand A) and than under
–Create – Geometry –Pull down menu– Compound objects
_Choose –Boolean and than _Pick Operand B(make sure
that Subtraction A-B is check ) ,now just click on
the box.(operand B) |
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I
have this for now.
Lets go add some details
to the wooden forward grip.
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Now in perspective view rotate
the view until you get something close to the image
Select the object.
Go to Modify tab and in modifier
list choose Edit mesh. |
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Now we will use the cut tool
(this tool you can use with polygon or edge mode
under edit mesh –I use the edge tool so you can
easily see what I do.)
This will add additional edges
to the surface of the object which we'll then manually
move to shape the object.
So Under the Edith Mesh choose
edge mod. |
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Select
the two edges like on the image and now choose Cut
tool.
With your left mouse button click on one edge and
than on the opposite edge, and then drag the new
edge between them.
Remember to click with your right mouse button
afterwards to close the tool. Just cut with tool
3 times.
After cutting the object (because I cut in perspective
view, the newly created edges are not lined up)
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Go toTop
view port and change it to bottom view port, then
line up the vertices (see the image ) |
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After
that go to right view p. and try to adjust the vertices
so they look close to shape on image.
Yes there is another tool for
this kind of job –Chamfer Edge –under edge mod.-why
I didn’t use that tool? Firstly because I like to
have control over my model in a way of poly count
and that tool is not yet good enough. Any way I
find that one can do this better with the cut tool. |
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Now we will adjust the body
of the weapon. Select the body, apply the Edith
Mesh on it, go to polygon mod, select the poly.
Like on image, right click with
your mouse on persp. View, and then choose the extrude
tool.
Try to get something like
on image. |
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After that go to
vertex and adjust vertices (see image) |
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The
final stage of the body shaping was made same way
as the wooden part of the gun.(Cut tool with some
adjustment of the vertices) |
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| Ok This is it,the weapon is over,
just one thing- hell you didn’t explain how you did
that part of weapon? |
Well this I will explain
only with words so if you do know something about max you
will understand what the hell I am talking about.
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Start with the line tool and
draw an outline of that leaf sight (try to keep
low count of segments) then Clone that object to
another side of gun.
After you do that, select the firstly created object,
apply the edit mesh and than with cut tool add 3
more segments to that object.
When you add 3 segments you get the newly created
polygons; choose the polygons and use the extrude
tool and rotate tool to get more segments and shape
them like on the image. Afterwards you can adjust
the vertices a little bit more to fine-tune the
final shape. |
Black Sabbath
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